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A&A 365, L45-L50 (2001)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20000046
XMM-Newton observation of the Lockman Hole
I. The X-ray data
G. Hasinger1, B. Altieri2, M. Arnaud3, X. Barcons4, J. Bergeron5, H. Brunner1, M. Dadina6, K. Dennerl7, P. Ferrando3, A. Finoguenov7, R. E. Griffiths8, Y. Hashimoto1, F. A. Jansen9, D. H. Lumb9, K. O. Mason10, S. Mateos4, R. G. McMahon11, T. Miyaji8, F. Paerels12, M. J. Page10, A. F. Ptak8, T. P. Sasseen13, N. Schartel2, G. P. Szokoly1, J. Trümper7, M. Turner14, R. S. Warwick14 and M. G. Watson14.1 Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
2 XMM-Newton Operations Centre, European Space Agency, Vilspa, Apartado 50727, 28080 Madrid, Spain
3 CEA/DSM/DAPNIA/Service d'Astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
4 Instituto de Fisica (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad de Cantabria), 39005 Santander, Spain
5 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
6 TeSRE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
7 Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, 85740 Garching, Germany
8 Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
9 Space Science Dept., European Space Agency, ESTEC, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
10 MSSL, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
11 Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
12 Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
13 Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93110, USA
14 X-ray Astronomy Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
(Received 2 October 2000 / Accepted 24 October 2000 )
Abstract
We report on the first deep X-ray survey with the XMM-Newton observatory
during the performance verification phase. The field of the Lockman Hole, one
of the best studied sky areas over a very
wide range of wavelengths, has been observed.
A total of 
100 ksec good exposure time has been
accumulated. Combining the images of the European Photon Imaging
Camera
(EPIC) detectors we reach a flux limit
of 0.31, 1.4 and
, respectively in the
0.5-2, 2-10, and 5-10 keV band. Within an off-axis angle of 10 arcmin
we detect 148, 112 and 61 sources, respectively. The log(N)-log(S) relation
in the three bands is compared with previous results. In
particular in the 5-10 keV band these observations present the deepest X-ray
survey ever, about a factor 20 more sensitive than the previous
BeppoSAX observations.
Using X-ray spectral diagnostics
and the set of previously known, spectroscopically identified ROSAT
sources
in the field, the new sources can be classified.
XMM-Newton detects a significant number (40% ) of X-ray
sources with hard, probably intrinsically absorbed X-ray spectra,
confirming a prediction of the population synthesis models for the X-ray
background.
Key words: surveys -galaxies: active -galaxies: quasars: general -Cosmology: diffuse radiation -X-ray: galaxies -X-rays: general
Offprint request: G. Hasinger, ghasinger@aip.de
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